Advanced
60 mins
Teacher/Student led
+80 XP
Pupils work on their own device

Design Principles: Layout, Hierarchy, Whitespace

Learn four essential design principles to make your documents look clear and professional. Fix a sample community notice using Contrast, Repetition, Alignment and Proximity, then redesign one of your own portfolio documents for better readability.

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    1 - Introduction ~5 mins

    Illustration for Introduction

    Today you will

    • learn four design rules: Contrast, Repetition, Alignment and Proximity (CRAP)
    • fix a messy sample flyer
    • redesign one page from your own project so it looks professional
    Warm-up

    Think of one document that looked professional and one that looked messy. What caught your eye first on the good one?

    2 - Key Concepts ~6 mins

    Contrast means the important thing looks clearly different, like a big bold title.

    Repetition means you use the same fonts, heading sizes and colours all the way through.

    Alignment means things line up along one edge, not dotted around the page.

    Proximity means related things sit close together, with space between groups.

    Example

    A title at 22 pt bold stands out above body text at 11 pt. Your name, phone and email sit together as one small block.

    3 - Step-by-step Task ~15 mins

    Make the messy flyer Saturday Skills Swap as {{code:sm1_crap_demo.docx}} in {{code:01_drafts}}. Copy these six lines into it:

    saturday skills swap!!!

    community centre saturday 10:00-13:00 free

    a free community skills-share at the centre. bring a skill, teach a skill, stay for tea.

    we need help with: sign-in desk, tea station, kids craft table, tidy-up

    contact aoife 087 000 0000

    aoife@email.ie

    Then follow the steps in the box below to fix it. Keep the finished flyer open, because it is your model for the next task.

    4 - Common Issues ~4 mins

    Common issues

    • If you used lots of fonts and colours, go back to one or two fonts and one colour.
    • If you have big empty gaps, delete the blank lines and use paragraph spacing instead.
    • If you can't find Align Left or spacing in Word, look on the Home ribbon. In Google Docs, use {{menu:Format -> Line & paragraph spacing}}.
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