Mathematics
Intermediate
40 mins
Teacher/Student led
+80 XP
What you need:
IWB/Projector/Large Screen

Adding and Subtracting Fractions with Unlike Denominators

Learn to add and subtract fractions with different denominators by renaming them to a common denominator, then simplify your answers to their simplest form.

Teacher Class Feed

Load previous activity

    1 - Getting Started ~4 mins

    Illustration for Getting StartedHere is a quick one to puzzle over. Aoife eats 1/4 of a pizza and Conor eats 1/3 of the same pizza. Someone says they ate 2/7 of it together. Is that right?

    Watch out

    Have a think: can the bottom numbers just be added together like that?

    2 - Watch and Notice ~9 mins

    Illustration for Watch and Notice

    1/4 + 1/3

    Watch the fraction strips. A quarter strip and a third strip are different sizes, so we cannot add them as they are. Both get renamed to twelfths: the quarter becomes 3/12 and the third becomes 4/12. Now the parts match, so together they make 7/12.

    5/6 minus 1/2

    A half is renamed to 3/6 so both strips show sixths. Take 3/6 away from 5/6 and 2/6 is left. We tidy that up to 1/3.

    3/4 minus 2/3

    This pair both become twelfths: 9/12 and 8/12. The difference is just 1/12.

    3 - Try It Together ~11 mins

    Today we work through three problems together on the board, one at a time: first 2/5 + 3/10, then 1/2 + 1/4, then 7/8 minus 3/4. For each one we clear the strips, lay both fractions on them as they start, rename them to the same size, then combine and check before moving to the next.

    Rename, then combine

    4 - Rewrite and Simplify in Your Copy ~3 mins

    COPYBOOK MOMENT

    In your maths copy, rewrite each sum or difference with a common denominator, then write the answer and simplify it. Circle the simplest form.

    Work these four:

    • 1/3 + 1/6
    • 5/62/3
    • 1/2 + 2/5
    • 3/41/8

    5 - Class Challenge ~7 mins

    Today's challenge: for each pair, one pupil works at the board while the rest of the class watches and agrees the renaming aloud first. The pupil shades the answer in the common-denominator strips, then the class confirms before they press Check, which checks the final shaded answer.

    Combine the fractions

    6 - What Did We Notice? ~3 mins

    MATHS TALK

    What is the quickest way to find a common denominator for two fractions? When does only one fraction need renaming, and when do both?

    7 - What's Next ~3 mins

    Today's big idea

    Key point
    • We can only add or subtract fractions when the parts are the same size, so first we rename both to a common denominator.
    • After combining, we always check whether the answer can be simplified.

    Coming up

    Next we add and subtract mixed numbers — whole numbers and fractions together, like 2½ + 1¾ — and meet the trick of renaming across a whole.

    Pupil practice
    Module 3 · Fractions, Decimals and Percentages Number
    Lesson 29 · Adding and Subtracting Fractions with Unlike Denominators
    Download Activity Book page (PDF)
    End of lesson
    123learn · Online learning platform

    Unlock the full learning experience

    You're previewing this lesson. Get full access to this lesson and hundreds more — each one ready to teach, with interactive activities, printable resources and pupil progress tracking built in.

    Hundreds of curriculum-aligned lessons
    Interactive activities in every lesson
    Printable resources & progress tracking
    Copyright Notice
    This lesson is copyright of 123Learn.ie 2017 - 2025. Unauthorised use, copying or distribution is not allowed.
    🍪 Our website uses cookies to make your browsing experience better. By using our website you agree to our use of cookies. Learn more